Tag: PHP

Configuring Nginx & CodeIgniter with Rewrite Rules

I’ve recently begun working with Nginx as we’re finally moving off of Apache in our infrastructure. The first thing I noticed is documentation for various types of configurations is a bit sporadic. A lot is outdated and many don’t use best practices.

The first application I’m working on is a CodeIgniter-based PHP site which needs a few rewrite rules to function properly. I dug up this tutorial but it unfortunately uses a lot of if statements which I quickly learned are evil in Nginx.

Below is the configuration that I’ve settled upon (for now) which takes into account some best practices including:

  • uses php-fpm for the upstream server via a unix socket
  • redirects all http://www.example.com traffic to example.com
  • passes all requests under the root to the front-controller as long as they don’t exist (allows nginx to directly serve static files)
  • prevents uncontrolled requests from being passed to php
  • prevents any access to leftover .htaccess files

I’m hoping to add some of the additional rewrite functionality found in the tutorial at a later date.

Symfony2 vs Django – Models

As promised in my first post, I’m going to be looking at the reasons I chose to go with Django rather than Symfony2. Aside from wanting to learn a new language, there were a few things that jumped out at me when looking into Django.

One of the biggest was the dramatic amount of code necessary to do the same thing in Symfony2. Let’s look at a typical model for a blog. Here’s what it looks like in Django (I’ve added a small utility function via a manager):

models/blog.py

Now here’s the same model in Symfony2 along with the utility function:

Entity/Blog.php

Entity/BlogRepository.php

Wow, that’s a TON of code. I will mention that Symfony2 does offer some tools to help generate this code, which are very helpful. But it feels to me like they’re trying to overcome the shortcomings of the language.

Time for a Switch? PHP / Symfony2 vs Python / Django

UPDATE: Check this post for a comparison of Symfony2 and Django models.

UPDATE 2: For a framework speed comparison, check out this post.

For the past few years I’ve been using the CodeIgniter PHP framework for projects at TBWA. It’s a simple, straightforward framework that has done a solid job. New devs can get up to speed quickly on it with very little training and the framework itself is speedy enough for my purposes. But things have progressed significantly over the past couple years. I’m about to embark on a new project and it’s possibly time for something new.

After a bit of research I narrowed things down to sticking with PHP and moving to the Symfony2 framework or moving over to Python / Django. I won’t get into a debate of what language is better, faster, more elegant, more awesome, etc. There’s plenty of that out there already.

For me the choice is simple, use a language I know or make the switch to something new. Final destination for this will be a 3-tier set up on AWS or a similar cloud provider. I’m using RightScale which provides ServerTemplates for both PHP and Django, making tuning and rapid deployment (via Chef) about the same for both. So the implications of running servers for one vs the other aren’t necessarily a concern (yes, performance is a valid issue but I believe either framework can be tuned to achieve acceptable throughput as demonstrated by the sites currently using them).

Before diving into Python I decided to quickly learn Symfony2 first since I already know PHP. The framework site has a ton of clearly written docs so it was easy to get up to speed. This tutorial was also very helpful. There’s a lot going on with Symfony2 – Composer for dependency management, Doctrine for ORM, Twig for templating, Assetic for asset management, PHPUnit for testing, etc. Of course all of these can be used without Symfony2, but the framework does a nice job of making them all play nicely together. It’s clearly where PHP development is headed. It you choose this direction, I highly recommend PhpStorm as your IDE as it’s got built-in support for the framework.

With that out of the way it was time to learn some Python / Django. Having zero experience with either the language or the framework, I decided to dive right into the Django docs, picking up Python along the way. Again, many of the same features can be found with this setup – pip for dependency management, Django’s built-in ORM and templating engine, webassets for asset management, unittest2 for testing, etc. Django also has a simple admin interface that can be automatically generated which I’m sure would come in handy for some projects. The getting started docs are a little sparse in comparison but a quick Google search will usually answer any question. And again, Jetbrains has a great IDE for Django development – PyCharm.

One last factor to take into account was who is behind these frameworks. On the Symfony2 side we’ve got SensioLabs (a French digital agency) and Fabien Potencier along with multiple contributors. Django, on the other hand, is backed by the non-profit Django Software Foundation with a governance board, core team and multiple contributors. License wise, Symfony2 is MIT while Django is BSD.

Based on the title you’ve probably guessed I’ve selected Django. But first, I’ll use the next couple posts to explore some of the differences in the frameworks as well as development workflow and configuration.